Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India with a population of 200 million people. Uttar Pradesh shares its borders with Nepal on the north; the Indian states of Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh towards the northwest; Haryana, Delhi and Rajasthan on the west; Madhya Pradesh on the south, Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand to the southeast and Bihar in the east. Food grain production in the state in 2017-18 stood at 51,252.7 thousand tonnes and 18,416.3 thousand tonnes in 2018-19.

The Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) of Uttar Pradesh grew at a CAGR of around 10.24 per cent between 2011-12 and 2019-20 to reach Rs 15.80 trillion (US$ 226.04 billion). The Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) grew at a CAGR of around 11.24 per cent between 2011-12 and 2018-19 to reach Rs 13.76 trillion (US$ 190.66 billion).

The state has attracted Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) equity inflows worth US$ 698 million during the period April 2000 to June 2019, according to data released by Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT). In 2019 (up to Oct), 109 investment intentions worth Rs 12,321 crore (US$ 1763 billion) were filed in Uttar Pradesh.